"Face to Face with ETA: Conversations with a Terrorist" is a gripping documentary that delves into the life and experiences of José Antonio Urrutikoetxea, commonly known as Josu Ternera, a renowned leader of the notorious Basque separatist group ETA. The film serves as an intimate interview, delving deep into the mind of a once-shadowy figure who played a significant role in ETA's actions.
The documentary begins by providing an overview of ETA's prolonged violent campaign, spanning over half a century, which sought to establish an independent Basque state in Northern Spain and Southwest France. With an estimated death toll of over 800, ETA was one of the most lethal and persistent terrorist organizations in Europe.
The film then narrows its focus on Josu Ternera, the enigmatic figure who held various leadership positions within ETA, including serving as its political representative. Over the course of several one-on-one interviews, Ternera provides unprecedented insight into the inner workings, motivations, and evolution of ETA. He chronicles the group's beginnings as a student organization striving for Basque rights and autonomy, and how it transformed into a violent militant group seeking independence through terrorism.
Ternera reflects on his own radicalization and recruitment into ETA, sharing personal anecdotes and perspectives that shed light on the complex socio-political context in which the group operated. He discusses the reasons behind radicalized youth joining ETA, their sense of injustice, and the seductive allure of armed struggle. The film also addresses the role of Franco's dictatorship in fueling Basque nationalism and contributing to ETA's emergence.
Throughout the documentary, Ternera recounts some of ETA's most infamous attacks, including bombings, assassinations, and kidnappings. He provides a chilling insider's perspective on the decision-making process within ETA, its relationship with other extremist movements, and the strategic rationale behind its violent acts.
However, the interviews are not solely confined to ETA's history and actions. They also shed light on Ternera's personal experiences as a fugitive, constantly evading authorities for decades and living a life on the run. He discusses the intricate network of safe houses, support systems, and ideological training that helped ETA sustain its operations.
As the film progresses, Ternera opens up about the disintegration of ETA. He narrates the internal ideological struggles, including debates on whether to continue using violence or pursue political alternatives. He candidly reflects on his own role in the organization's transformation towards a peaceful resolution, acknowledging the consequences of his past decisions.
"Face to Face with ETA: Conversations with a Terrorist" provides a comprehensive exploration of ETA's history through the eyes of a prominent leader who witnessed and shaped its trajectory. Through intimate conversations, the documentary aims to promote understanding and dialogue, urging viewers to confront the complexities of political violence, radicalization, and the long-lasting repercussions on both victims and perpetrators.